Biomechanical Evaluation of a Novel Subcuticular Skin Stapling Device for Use in Equine Abdominal Surgeries          下载免费PDF全文

Adam Biedrzycki BVSc  Diplomate ACVS  Mark D. Markel DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  Sabrina H. Brounts DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(2):231-235

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Erythrocyte and Biochemical Abnormalities as Diagnostic Markers in Dogs With Hemangiosarcoma Related Hemoabdomen          下载免费PDF全文

Richard W. Wong DVM  Mishka N. Gonsalves DVM  Michael L. Huber DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS  Lon Rich DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVP  Adam Strom DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(7):852-857

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Factors affecting urine reagent strip blood results in dogs and nonhuman primates and interpretation of urinalysis in preclinical toxicology studies: a Multi‐Institution Contract Research Organization and BioPharmaceutical Company Perspective          下载免费PDF全文

Adam D. Aulbach  Eric Schultze  Niraj K. Tripathi  Robert L. Hall  Michael R. Logan  Denny J. Meyer 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2015,44(2):229-233

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Coagulation abnormalities in 5 cats with naturally occurring cytauxzoonosis          下载免费PDF全文

Bobbi J. Conner DVM  DACVECC  Rita M. Hanel DVM  DACVIM  DACVECC  Marjory B. Brooks DVM  DACVIM  Leah A. Cohn DVM  PhD  DACVIM  Adam J. Birkenheuer DVM  PhD  DACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2015,25(4):538-545

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Pathway analysis of branched-chain ester biosynthesis in apple using deuterium labeling and enantioselective gas chromatography-mass spectrometry     

Matich A  Rowan D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(7):2727-2735

The biosynthesis of volatile esters by Red Delicious apples was investigated by incubating fruit tissue with deuterated flavor precursors at various times after controlled atmosphere (CA) storage and measuring deuterium incorporation into branched-chain ester volatiles. 2-Methylbutyl acetate was the only volatile not significantly reduced by CA storage. Conversion of 2-methylbutanol to 2-methylbutyl acetate and of 2-methylbutanoic acid to ethyl 2-methylbutanoate and to hexyl 2-methylbutanoate was limited by the availability of 2-methylbutyl substrates but not by acetyl-CoA, ethanol, or hexanol, respectively. The enzymatic activity required for these reactions declined during CA storage. The conversion of 2-methylbutanoic acid to 2-methylbutanol was also substrate limited, but enzymic activity appeared stable in storage. Biosynthesis of both 2-methylbutanoic acid and 2-methylbutanol, from isoleucine, was severely depressed under CA storage. The reduced metabolism of isoleucine to 2-methylbutanoyl-CoA may be the primary reason for reduced branched-chain ester synthesis in CA-stored Red Delicious apples. Enantioselective gas chromatography-mass spectrometry confirmed that the chirality of (S)-2-methylbutyl acetate derives from l-isoleucine with the other enzymes in this pathway not being enantiospecific. Treatment of tissue samples with 2-methylbut-2E-enal gave only (S)-2-methylbutyl acetate, indicating that biosynthesis was not via tiglyl-CoA.  相似文献   

Trends in overweight by socio-economic status in Vietnam: 1992 to 2002     

Nguyen MD  Beresford SA  Drewnowski A 《Public health nutrition》2007,10(2):115-121

OBJECTIVE: To explore socio-economic factors associated with rising rates of overweight among Vietnamese adults. DESIGN: The study was based on three national surveys of socio-economic factors and health conducted over a 10-year period. The studies were: the Vietnamese Living Standard Survey 1992-1993 (11 982 participants); the Vietnamese Living Standard Survey 1997-1998 (15 975 participants); and the Vietnamese National Health Survey 2001-2002 (94 656 participants). SUBJECTS: Male and female adults >18 years old were stratified by gender, age group, area of residence, occupation, education and relative food expenditures. Overweight was defined using body mass index (BMI) > or = 25 kg m(-2). RESULTS: Overweight rates in Vietnam more than doubled between 1992 and 2002 (from 2.0 to 5.7%). Significant increases were observed for men and women, in urban and rural areas, and for all age groups. In univariate analyses, both age and higher socio-economic status were associated with higher rates of overweight. Using the most recent survey, urban populations were more likely to be overweight than rural ones (odds ratio (OR) = 1.79), white-collar workers were more likely to be overweight than manual labourers (OR = 1.95) and persons in the top level of food expenditures were more likely to be overweight than persons in the bottom level (OR = 4.96) after adjustment for other factors. Education was inversely associated with overweight after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSION: Economic growth and improved standard of living are associated with higher rates of overweight in nations in early stages of economic development. In Vietnam, higher rates of overweight were observed among the higher income and occupation groups.  相似文献   

Prevalence of bluetongue virus antibodies and associated risk factors among cattle in East Darfur State,Western Sudan     

Hadia OM Khair  Ibrahim A Adam  Shakir B Bushara  Kamal H Eltom  Nasreen O Musa  Imadeldin E Aradaib 《Irish veterinary journal》2014,67(1):4

Background

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an insect-transmitted virus, which causes bluetongue disease (BT) in sheep and a fatal hemorrhagic infection in North American white-tailed deer. However, in cattle the disease is typically asymptomatic and no overt clinical signs of disease appear to be associated with BTV infection. Serological evidence and isolation of different BTV serotypes have been reported in Sudan, however, no information is currently available in regard to previous exposure of Sudanese livestock to BTV infection in East Darfur State, Sudan.

Aims

To determine the prevalence of BTV antibodies and to identify the potential risk factors associated with BTV infection among cattle in East Darfur State, Sudan.

Methods

A total of 224 blood samples were collected randomly from five localities in East Darfur State, Sudan. The serum samples were screened for detection of BTV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA).

Results

Serological evidence of BTV infection was observed in 150 out of 224 animals accounting for a 67% prevalence rate among cattle in East Darfur State. Older cattle (>2 years of age) were six times more likely to be infected with BTV (OR = 6.62, CI = 2.87-15.26, p-value = 0.01). Regarding animal source (contact with other herds) as a risk factor, it was shown that cattle purchased from market or introduced from other herds were 3 times at higher risk of being infected with BTV (OR = 3.87, CI = 1.07-13.87, p value = 0.03). Exposure of cattle to the insect vector increased the risk of contracting BTV infection by six times compared to non-exposed cattle (OR = 6.44, CI = 1.53-27.08, p value = 0.01).

Conclusion

The present study indicated that age, animal source and the intensity of the insect vector are influential risk factors for BTV infection in cattle in the Darfur region. Surveillance for BTV infection should be extended to include other susceptible ruminants and to study the distribution of the insect vectors to better predict and respond to a possible BTV outbreak in the State of East Darfur, Sudan.  相似文献   

A preliminary evaluation of throughfall sampling techniques in a mature coniferous forest     

Darryl. E. Carlyle-Moses  Chad. E. Lishman  Adam. J. McKee 《林业研究》2014,25(2):407-413

Rainfall, throughfall and stemflow were measured and canopy interception loss was derived for 14 rainfall events from June 22 to August 30, 2008 within a mature declining hybrid white spruce(Picea glauca(Moench) Voss × P. engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.)- subalpine fir(Abies lasiocarpa(Hook.) Nutt.)- lodgepole pine(Pinus contorta var.latifolia Dougl. ex Loud.) stand in south-central British Columbia, Canada. Stemflow was negligible during the study period, while, respectively throughfall and canopy interception loss accounted for approximately59.4% and 40.6% of the 50.1 mm of cumulative rainfall. Throughfall variability was assessed with three approaches involving roving and stationary wedge-type gauges, and stationary trough gauges. Throughfall exhibited large spatial variability with the coefficient of variability of study period throughfall sampled using 16 stationary trough gauges being30.3%, while it was 38.0% and 28.7% for 32 stationary and 32 roving wedge gauges, respectively. Our analysis suggests that a roving gauge method is better than a stationary approach since the errors associated with event mean throughfalls are summed quadratically and a greater portion of the canopy area is sampled. Trough gauges were more efficient than wedge gauges; however, this efficiency was less than expected given their much larger sampling areas, suggesting that spatial autocor-relation lengths of throughfall may be longer than the trough systems. The spatial distribution of throughfall showed a high degree of temporal persistence throughout the study suggesting the existence of stable "wet" and "dry" inputs to the floors of these coniferous forests.  相似文献   

Sesbania aegyptiaca as promising biomass for manufacturing of MDF     

Abdel-Baset A. Adam  Houssni El-Saied  Mahmoud K. Soliman 《Wood material science & engineering》2014,9(1):49-57

Sesbania fiber is a fast-growing wood species that has been investigated for medium-density fiberboard (MDF) production. To assess the possibility of applying the local industrial defibration parameters of sugar-cane bagasse (SCB) on defibration of sesbania, the chemical constituents of unfibrated and defibrated sesbania, as well as their thermal stability and scanning electron micrographs, were estimated. Different preparation variables of MDF, such as density, level of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin (with 0.19% free-formaldehyde [HCHO]), and pressing time were studied, in comparison with that produced by using SCB fibers. The results showed that most of the tested sesbania-based MDFs have mechanical properties that fulfill the minimum requirements of MDF ANSI standard. Additionally, applying 12% UF and pressing for 240 sec provided sesbania-based MDF with optimum reduction in thickness swelling (reached ～7%). It is important to note that the sesbania-based MDF produced under these conditions is characterized by a lower TS property, than that obtained from SCB, or that reported in standards. The preliminary feasibility study revealed that using sesbania fibers will be an added economical potential for MDF production.  相似文献   

An ex vivo evaluation of efficacy of refrigerated canine plasma     

Adam R. Grochowsky DVM  Elizabeth A. Rozanski DVM  DACVECC  DACVIM  Armelle M. de Laforcade DVM  DACVECC  Claire R. Sharp BSc  BVMS  MS  DACVECC  Dawn M. Meola BS  Jessica J. Schavone BS  CVT  Majory B. Brooks DVM  DACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2014,24(4):388-397

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